Publications

Expanding Access to Addiction Treatment Services through Section 1115 Waivers for Substance Use Disorders: Experiences From Virginia and Maryland

In response to the nation’s opioid epidemic, an increasing number of states are applying for and receiving Medicaid Section 1115 demonstration waivers for substance use disorders. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) created this opportunity under the authority of section 1115(a) of the Social Security Act for states to draw down federal Medicaid payments for facilities with greater than 16 beds that provide short-term residential treatment, which are otherwise prohibited through the Institution for Mental Disease (IMD) exclusion. Waiving the IMD exclusion allows states to offer short-term residential treatment, thereby offering the entire continuum of addiction treatment services to their Medicaid members based on widely accepted standards for evidence-based care.

This research was supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Research in Transforming Health and Health Care Systems program, which is administered by AcademyHealth. Hilltoppers Cynthia Woodcock, Alice Middleton, David Idala, and Matthew Clark co-authored this report, which describes the experiences of two early adopters of IMD waivers, Maryland and Virginia, in terms of their implementation and impact on the addiction treatment system for Medicaid members.

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Maryland Primary Care Program (MDPCP) Pre-AH Risk Score Specifications and Codebook, Version 2

The Maryland Primary Care Program (MDPCP) is a key element of the Total Cost of Care (TCOC) All-Payer Model, an agreement between the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and the state of Maryland. The MDPCP is a voluntary program that provides funding and support for the delivery of advanced primary care throughout the state. It allows primary care providers to play an increased role in the prevention and management of chronic disease, as well as in the prevention of unnecessary hospital utilization.

As an important part of supporting providers in their care management efforts, the MDPCP will provide to participating practices risk scores of their attributed beneficiaries according to each patient’s risk of incurring a potentially avoidable hospitalization or emergency department (ED) visit. Accordingly, The Hilltop Institute, in conjunction with the Maryland Department of Health, has developed the Hilltop Pre-AH (Predicting Avoidable Hospitalizations) Model™ in order to operationalize these risk scores. These patient-level risk scores are provided to participating medical practices on a monthly basis via the MDPCP portal on the Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients (CRISP) unified landing page.

This document aims to explain the intended use, technical implementation, and model performance of the Hilltop Pre-AH Model™ as of January 2020. It will be updated as future versions of the model become operational.

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The Hilltop Pre-AH Model™ In Brief

This provides a brief look at the Hilltop Pre-AH Model™, a risk prediction model that uses a variety of risk factors derived from Medicare claims data to estimate the probability that a given patient incurs an avoidable hospital event in the near future. These risk scores are intended to assist Maryland Primary Care Program (MDPCP) practices with the identification of beneficiaries that have a high risk of incurring an avoidable hospitalization or emergency department event. The Pre-AH Model™ risk scores, used in conjunction with provider clinical guidance, can facilitate a more efficient and impactful allocation of practices’ care management resources.

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